Preventive conservation of monuments based on delphi method and fuzzy logic

Abstract

Preventive conservation requires identification evaluations, and prioritization of the maintanance and restoration of cultural heritage under different hazards. The degradation of monuments is due to the effects caussed by different agents (earthquakers, floods, weathering, pollutions agents, anthropogenic factors) that produce total or partial losses of architectonic elements or their alterations. The conservation degree of each monument depends on the vunerability, and its index is an indirect function of the level of deterioration, whereas the hazards depend on the localization and its environment conditions, social development and anthropogenic agents. RIVUPH and Art-Risk are Spanish projects based on the analysis of environmental risk in historical cities and models to assess vulnerability and lives of buildings in order to improve the preventive conservation of monuments with similar characteristics. For this purpose, two different approaches have been evaluated: DELPHI method and Fuzzy Logic, where both tools are based on the opinion of experts in the field. The vulnerability analysis of three churches of Seville (Spain) have been studied to assess the monuments conservation degree. Both models (DELPHI and Fuzzy Logic) are able to forecast the necessities of restoration overlapping different scenarios